Conclusion: In addition to the established cardiovascular benefits of SGLT2 inhibitors, the randomised data support their use for modifying risk of kidney disease progression and acute kidney injury, not only in patients with type 2 diabetes at high cardiovascular risk, but also in patients with chronic kidney disease or heart failure irrespective of diabetes status, primary kidney disease, or kidney function.
PubMed 36351458 ↗Hawthorne
The short answer. There isn't much data on Hawthorne yet — 5 mentions, 2 with a clear outcome — so treat these numbers as anecdotal. It is well studied — 78 meta-analyses on PubMed.
From 5 mentions in total — the rest didn't say how it went and aren't counted.
What Hawthorne does, according to users
Of the people who reported each effect, the share who said it got better.
What the research says
Systematic reviews and meta-analyses from PubMed, with their published conclusions.
3+ meta-analyses or systematic reviews and 10+ randomized controlled trials in humans. The grade measures how much human research exists — read the conclusions below for what it found.
Conclusion: Consequences of research participation for behaviors being investigated do exist, although little can be securely known about the conditions under which they operate, their mechanisms of effects, or their magnitudes. New concepts are needed to guide empirical studies.
PubMed 24275499 ↗Conclusion: UW cold perfusion may reduce peak serum lipase, but no quality evidence suggested UW cold perfusion improves graft survival and reduces thrombosis rates. Further research is needed to establish longer-term graft outcomes, the comparative efficacy of Celsior, and ideal perfusion volumes.
PubMed 28844527 ↗Conclusion: However, there is currently insufficient evidence to advocate for the use of any particular perfusion/preservation fluid over the others. Liver Transplantation 23 1615-1627 2017 AASLD.
PubMed 28734125 ↗Dosage people report
As stated by users — not a recommendation. Follow the label or your doctor.
Reported side effects
How often each side effect came up across all reports.
What users say
First-hand experiences, quoted verbatim. We show one positive and one negative where both exist.
“Hawthorne Extract from Pure Encapsulations (Cured my life-long angina.)”
Other options for heart & lipids
User data from public discussions; research from PubMed. Information only, not medical advice — talk to a doctor before starting, stopping or combining anything. Data updated October 3, 2026. How we rate