BMJ Ment Health · 2025
Effectiveness of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions for treatment-resistant depression in older patients: a systematic review and meta-analysisConclusion: We identified weak evidence that ketamine therapy and aripiprazole augmentation, and very weak evidence that TMS, PGP and cognitive remediation increased remission. Lack of evidence regarding routinely prescribed antidepressants and psychosocial treatments is problematic, requiring clinicians to extend evidence from younger populations.